How do I create a basic financial forecast for my business?

Simple financial forecast model

A basic forecast projects revenue, costs, and cash flow over 12–36 months. Keep it realistic and update regularly as you learn.

Core components:

  • Revenue forecast: by product line or customer cohort
  • Cost of goods sold (COGS): direct costs tied to revenue
  • Operating expenses: salaries, marketing, rent, tools
  • Cash flow: starting cash, monthly inflows, outflows, ending cash

Steps to build it:

  1. Start with top-down revenue assumptions (customers x price) or bottom-up (leads x conversion).
  2. Estimate variable costs per unit and fixed monthly expenses.
  3. Calculate gross margin and operating margin monthly.
  4. Include hiring and capital expenses planned for growth.

Practical tips

  • Use conservative assumptions for conversion and growth rates.
  • Model different scenarios: base, optimistic, and pessimistic.
  • Track actuals monthly and adjust forecasts based on real performance.

Why it matters

A forecast helps you understand runway, set fundraising needs, and align team expectations. It’s a planning tool, not a prediction—use it to guide actions and decisions.